Utah Esthetics Written State Practice Exam

What is the medical term for fluid and swelling under the skin?

1. Edema

2. Erythema

3. Dermatitis

4. Psoriasis

The correct answer is: Edema

The term "edema" refers specifically to the accumulation of fluid beneath the skin, leading to swelling. This condition occurs when the balance of fluid movement between the blood vessels and tissues is disrupted, causing excess fluid to build up in the interstitial spaces. Edema can manifest in various ways depending on its severity and underlying causes, which may include injury, inflammation, or other medical conditions. In contrast, "erythema" describes redness of the skin, often due to increased blood flow, typically as a response to irritation or injury. "Dermatitis" refers to inflammation of the skin, which can result in various symptoms, including redness, swelling, and itchiness, but does not specifically imply fluid accumulation. "Psoriasis" is a chronic autoimmune condition characterized by red, scaly patches on the skin and is not directly related to fluid accumulation in the tissue. Understanding these distinctions reinforces why "edema" is the appropriate medical term for fluid and swelling under the skin.